在 MariaDB 中显示所有语言环境
本文描述了用于在 MariaDB 中显示所有区域语言环境的方法。
发布于
MariaDB 是一个支持多语言和多区域的数据。这对我们的应用国际化应用很有帮助。
一些函数，比如 DATE_FORMAT(), DAYNAME() 和 MONTHNAME()， 依赖当前数据库的区域设置进行输出，除非你指定区域。
查询当前的语言环境
您可以从系统变量 lc_time_names 中获取当前的语言环境：
SELECT @@lc_time_names;
输出：
+-----------------+
| @@lc_time_names |
+-----------------+
| en_US |
+-----------------+查看所有语言环境
MariaDB 默认不支持使用 SHOW LOCALES 命令。但是通过安装 locales 插件可以去启用此命令。
在安装 locales 插件后，区域设置将被加载到系统表中，您可以使用 SHOW LOCALES 命令和 INFORMATION_SCHEMA.LOCALES 表。
安装 locales 插件
如果您已经安装过此插件，则可以跳过此步骤。
运行以下代码以安装插件：
INSTALL SONAME 'locales';
该插件在 INFORMATION_SCHEMA 数据库中创建一个 LOCALES 表，并将 MariaDB 中可用的所有语言环境保存到此表中。
使用 SHOW LOCALES
SHOW LOCALES 是最简单的查看所有语言环境设置的命令。
SHOW LOCALES;
输出：
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description | Error_Message_Language |
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+------------------------+
| 0 | en_US | English - United States | english |
| 1 | en_GB | English - United Kingdom | english |
| 2 | ja_JP | Japanese - Japan | japanese |
| 3 | sv_SE | Swedish - Sweden | swedish |
| 4 | de_DE | German - Germany | german |
| 5 | fr_FR | French - France | french |
| 6 | ar_AE | Arabic - United Arab Emirates | english |
| 7 | ar_BH | Arabic - Bahrain | english |
| 8 | ar_JO | Arabic - Jordan | english |
| 9 | ar_SA | Arabic - Saudi Arabia | english |
| 10 | ar_SY | Arabic - Syria | english |
| 11 | be_BY | Belarusian - Belarus | english |
| 12 | bg_BG | Bulgarian - Bulgaria | english |
| 13 | ca_ES | Catalan - Catalan | english |
| 14 | cs_CZ | Czech - Czech Republic | czech |
| 15 | da_DK | Danish - Denmark | danish |
| 16 | de_AT | German - Austria | german |
| 17 | es_ES | Spanish - Spain | spanish |
| 18 | et_EE | Estonian - Estonia | estonian |
| 19 | eu_ES | Basque - Basque | english |
| 20 | fi_FI | Finnish - Finland | english |
| 21 | fo_FO | Faroese - Faroe Islands | english |
| 22 | gl_ES | Galician - Galician | english |
| 23 | gu_IN | Gujarati - India | english |
| 24 | he_IL | Hebrew - Israel | english |
| 25 | hi_IN | Hindi - India | hindi |
| 26 | hr_HR | Croatian - Croatia | english |
| 27 | hu_HU | Hungarian - Hungary | hungarian |
| 28 | id_ID | Indonesian - Indonesia | english |
| 29 | is_IS | Icelandic - Iceland | english |
| 30 | it_CH | Italian - Switzerland | italian |
| 31 | ko_KR | Korean - Korea | korean |
| 32 | lt_LT | Lithuanian - Lithuania | english |
| 33 | lv_LV | Latvian - Latvia | english |
| 34 | mk_MK | Macedonian - FYROM | english |
| 35 | mn_MN | Mongolia - Mongolian | english |
| 36 | ms_MY | Malay - Malaysia | english |
| 37 | nb_NO | Norwegian(Bokml) - Norway | norwegian |
| 38 | nl_NL | Dutch - The Netherlands | dutch |
| 39 | pl_PL | Polish - Poland | polish |
| 40 | pt_BR | Portuguese - Brazil | portuguese |
| 41 | pt_PT | Portuguese - Portugal | portuguese |
| 42 | ro_RO | Romanian - Romania | romanian |
| 43 | ru_RU | Russian - Russia | russian |
| 44 | ru_UA | Russian - Ukraine | russian |
| 45 | sk_SK | Slovak - Slovakia | slovak |
| 46 | sl_SI | Slovenian - Slovenia | english |
| 47 | sq_AL | Albanian - Albania | english |
| 48 | sr_RS | Serbian - Serbia | serbian |
| 49 | ta_IN | Tamil - India | english |
| 50 | te_IN | Telugu - India | english |
| 51 | th_TH | Thai - Thailand | english |
| 52 | tr_TR | Turkish - Turkey | english |
| 53 | uk_UA | Ukrainian - Ukraine | ukrainian |
| 54 | ur_PK | Urdu - Pakistan | english |
| 55 | vi_VN | Vietnamese - Vietnam | english |
| 56 | zh_CN | Chinese - Peoples Republic of China | english |
| 57 | zh_TW | Chinese - Taiwan | english |
| 58 | ar_DZ | Arabic - Algeria | english |
| 59 | ar_EG | Arabic - Egypt | english |
| 60 | ar_IN | Arabic - Iran | english |
| 61 | ar_IQ | Arabic - Iraq | english |
| 62 | ar_KW | Arabic - Kuwait | english |
| 63 | ar_LB | Arabic - Lebanon | english |
| 64 | ar_LY | Arabic - Libya | english |
| 65 | ar_MA | Arabic - Morocco | english |
| 66 | ar_OM | Arabic - Oman | english |
| 67 | ar_QA | Arabic - Qatar | english |
| 68 | ar_SD | Arabic - Sudan | english |
| 69 | ar_TN | Arabic - Tunisia | english |
| 70 | ar_YE | Arabic - Yemen | english |
| 71 | de_BE | German - Belgium | german |
| 72 | de_CH | German - Switzerland | german |
| 73 | de_LU | German - Luxembourg | german |
| 74 | en_AU | English - Australia | english |
| 75 | en_CA | English - Canada | english |
| 76 | en_IN | English - India | english |
| 77 | en_NZ | English - New Zealand | english |
| 78 | en_PH | English - Philippines | english |
| 79 | en_ZA | English - South Africa | english |
| 80 | en_ZW | English - Zimbabwe | english |
| 81 | es_AR | Spanish - Argentina | spanish |
| 82 | es_BO | Spanish - Bolivia | spanish |
| 83 | es_CL | Spanish - Chile | spanish |
| 84 | es_CO | Spanish - Columbia | spanish |
| 85 | es_CR | Spanish - Costa Rica | spanish |
| 86 | es_DO | Spanish - Dominican Republic | spanish |
| 87 | es_EC | Spanish - Ecuador | spanish |
| 88 | es_GT | Spanish - Guatemala | spanish |
| 89 | es_HN | Spanish - Honduras | spanish |
| 90 | es_MX | Spanish - Mexico | spanish |
| 91 | es_NI | Spanish - Nicaragua | spanish |
| 92 | es_PA | Spanish - Panama | spanish |
| 93 | es_PE | Spanish - Peru | spanish |
| 94 | es_PR | Spanish - Puerto Rico | spanish |
| 95 | es_PY | Spanish - Paraguay | spanish |
| 96 | es_SV | Spanish - El Salvador | spanish |
| 97 | es_US | Spanish - United States | spanish |
| 98 | es_UY | Spanish - Uruguay | spanish |
| 99 | es_VE | Spanish - Venezuela | spanish |
| 100 | fr_BE | French - Belgium | french |
| 101 | fr_CA | French - Canada | french |
| 102 | fr_CH | French - Switzerland | french |
| 103 | fr_LU | French - Luxembourg | french |
| 104 | it_IT | Italian - Italy | italian |
| 105 | nl_BE | Dutch - Belgium | dutch |
| 106 | no_NO | Norwegian - Norway | norwegian |
| 107 | sv_FI | Swedish - Finland | swedish |
| 108 | zh_HK | Chinese - Hong Kong SAR | english |
| 109 | el_GR | Greek - Greece | greek |
| 110 | rm_CH | Romansh - Switzerland | english |
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+------------------------+
111 rows in set (0.003 sec)如果您未安装 locales 插件，运行 SHOW LOCALES 会返回以下错误：
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'LOCALES' at line 1使用 INFORMATION_SCHEMA.LOCALES
在 MariaDB 中， INFORMATION_SCHEMA.LOCALES 表中保存了所有的区域语言设置，因此您可以直接查询此表。
SELECT *
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.LOCALES;
输出：
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+---------------+--------------+------------------------+
| ID | NAME | DESCRIPTION | MAX_MONTH_NAME_LENGTH | MAX_DAY_NAME_LENGTH | DECIMAL_POINT | THOUSAND_SEP | ERROR_MESSAGE_LANGUAGE |
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+---------------+--------------+------------------------+
| 0 | en_US | English - United States | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 1 | en_GB | English - United Kingdom | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 2 | ja_JP | Japanese - Japan | 3 | 3 | . | , | japanese |
| 3 | sv_SE | Swedish - Sweden | 9 | 7 | , | | swedish |
| 4 | de_DE | German - Germany | 9 | 10 | , | . | german |
| 5 | fr_FR | French - France | 9 | 8 | , | | french |
| 6 | ar_AE | Arabic - United Arab Emirates | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 7 | ar_BH | Arabic - Bahrain | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 8 | ar_JO | Arabic - Jordan | 12 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 9 | ar_SA | Arabic - Saudi Arabia | 12 | 8 | . | | english |
| 10 | ar_SY | Arabic - Syria | 12 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 11 | be_BY | Belarusian - Belarus | 10 | 10 | , | . | english |
| 12 | bg_BG | Bulgarian - Bulgaria | 9 | 10 | , | | english |
| 13 | ca_ES | Catalan - Catalan | 8 | 9 | , | | english |
| 14 | cs_CZ | Czech - Czech Republic | 8 | 7 | , | | czech |
| 15 | da_DK | Danish - Denmark | 9 | 7 | , | . | danish |
| 16 | de_AT | German - Austria | 9 | 10 | , | | german |
| 17 | es_ES | Spanish - Spain | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 18 | et_EE | Estonian - Estonia | 9 | 9 | , | | estonian |
| 19 | eu_ES | Basque - Basque | 9 | 10 | , | | english |
| 20 | fi_FI | Finnish - Finland | 9 | 11 | , | | english |
| 21 | fo_FO | Faroese - Faroe Islands | 9 | 12 | , | . | english |
| 22 | gl_ES | Galician - Galician | 8 | 8 | , | | english |
| 23 | gu_IN | Gujarati - India | 10 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 24 | he_IL | Hebrew - Israel | 7 | 5 | . | , | english |
| 25 | hi_IN | Hindi - India | 7 | 9 | . | , | hindi |
| 26 | hr_HR | Croatian - Croatia | 8 | 11 | , | | english |
| 27 | hu_HU | Hungarian - Hungary | 10 | 9 | , | . | hungarian |
| 28 | id_ID | Indonesian - Indonesia | 9 | 6 | , | . | english |
| 29 | is_IS | Icelandic - Iceland | 9 | 12 | , | . | english |
| 30 | it_CH | Italian - Switzerland | 9 | 9 | , | ' | italian |
| 31 | ko_KR | Korean - Korea | 3 | 3 | . | , | korean |
| 32 | lt_LT | Lithuanian - Lithuania | 9 | 14 | , | . | english |
| 33 | lv_LV | Latvian - Latvia | 10 | 11 | , | | english |
| 34 | mk_MK | Macedonian - FYROM | 9 | 10 | , | | english |
| 35 | mn_MN | Mongolia - Mongolian | 18 | 6 | , | . | english |
| 36 | ms_MY | Malay - Malaysia | 9 | 6 | . | , | english |
| 37 | nb_NO | Norwegian(Bokml) - Norway | 9 | 7 | , | . | norwegian |
| 38 | nl_NL | Dutch - The Netherlands | 9 | 9 | , | | dutch |
| 39 | pl_PL | Polish - Poland | 11 | 12 | , | | polish |
| 40 | pt_BR | Portuguese - Brazil | 9 | 7 | , | | portuguese |
| 41 | pt_PT | Portuguese - Portugal | 9 | 7 | , | | portuguese |
| 42 | ro_RO | Romanian - Romania | 10 | 8 | , | . | romanian |
| 43 | ru_RU | Russian - Russia | 8 | 11 | , | | russian |
| 44 | ru_UA | Russian - Ukraine | 8 | 11 | , | . | russian |
| 45 | sk_SK | Slovak - Slovakia | 9 | 8 | , | | slovak |
| 46 | sl_SI | Slovenian - Slovenia | 9 | 10 | , | | english |
| 47 | sq_AL | Albanian - Albania | 7 | 10 | , | . | english |
| 48 | sr_RS | Serbian - Serbia | 9 | 10 | . | | serbian |
| 49 | ta_IN | Tamil - India | 10 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 50 | te_IN | Telugu - India | 10 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 51 | th_TH | Thai - Thailand | 10 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 52 | tr_TR | Turkish - Turkey | 7 | 9 | , | . | english |
| 53 | uk_UA | Ukrainian - Ukraine | 8 | 9 | , | . | ukrainian |
| 54 | ur_PK | Urdu - Pakistan | 6 | 6 | . | , | english |
| 55 | vi_VN | Vietnamese - Vietnam | 16 | 11 | , | . | english |
| 56 | zh_CN | Chinese - Peoples Republic of China | 3 | 3 | . | , | english |
| 57 | zh_TW | Chinese - Taiwan | 3 | 2 | . | , | english |
| 58 | ar_DZ | Arabic - Algeria | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 59 | ar_EG | Arabic - Egypt | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 60 | ar_IN | Arabic - Iran | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 61 | ar_IQ | Arabic - Iraq | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 62 | ar_KW | Arabic - Kuwait | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 63 | ar_LB | Arabic - Lebanon | 12 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 64 | ar_LY | Arabic - Libya | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 65 | ar_MA | Arabic - Morocco | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 66 | ar_OM | Arabic - Oman | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 67 | ar_QA | Arabic - Qatar | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 68 | ar_SD | Arabic - Sudan | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 69 | ar_TN | Arabic - Tunisia | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 70 | ar_YE | Arabic - Yemen | 6 | 8 | . | , | english |
| 71 | de_BE | German - Belgium | 9 | 10 | , | . | german |
| 72 | de_CH | German - Switzerland | 9 | 10 | . | ' | german |
| 73 | de_LU | German - Luxembourg | 9 | 10 | , | . | german |
| 74 | en_AU | English - Australia | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 75 | en_CA | English - Canada | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 76 | en_IN | English - India | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 77 | en_NZ | English - New Zealand | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 78 | en_PH | English - Philippines | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 79 | en_ZA | English - South Africa | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 80 | en_ZW | English - Zimbabwe | 9 | 9 | . | , | english |
| 81 | es_AR | Spanish - Argentina | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 82 | es_BO | Spanish - Bolivia | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 83 | es_CL | Spanish - Chile | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 84 | es_CO | Spanish - Columbia | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 85 | es_CR | Spanish - Costa Rica | 10 | 9 | , | | spanish |
| 86 | es_DO | Spanish - Dominican Republic | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 87 | es_EC | Spanish - Ecuador | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 88 | es_GT | Spanish - Guatemala | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 89 | es_HN | Spanish - Honduras | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 90 | es_MX | Spanish - Mexico | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 91 | es_NI | Spanish - Nicaragua | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 92 | es_PA | Spanish - Panama | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 93 | es_PE | Spanish - Peru | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 94 | es_PR | Spanish - Puerto Rico | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 95 | es_PY | Spanish - Paraguay | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 96 | es_SV | Spanish - El Salvador | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 97 | es_US | Spanish - United States | 10 | 9 | . | , | spanish |
| 98 | es_UY | Spanish - Uruguay | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 99 | es_VE | Spanish - Venezuela | 10 | 9 | , | . | spanish |
| 100 | fr_BE | French - Belgium | 9 | 8 | , | . | french |
| 101 | fr_CA | French - Canada | 9 | 8 | , | | french |
| 102 | fr_CH | French - Switzerland | 9 | 8 | , | | french |
| 103 | fr_LU | French - Luxembourg | 9 | 8 | , | | french |
| 104 | it_IT | Italian - Italy | 9 | 9 | , | | italian |
| 105 | nl_BE | Dutch - Belgium | 9 | 9 | , | . | dutch |
| 106 | no_NO | Norwegian - Norway | 9 | 7 | , | . | norwegian |
| 107 | sv_FI | Swedish - Finland | 9 | 7 | , | | swedish |
| 108 | zh_HK | Chinese - Hong Kong SAR | 3 | 3 | . | , | english |
| 109 | el_GR | Greek - Greece | 11 | 9 | , | . | greek |
| 110 | rm_CH | Romansh - Switzerland | 9 | 9 | , | ' | english |
+-----+-------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------------------+---------------+--------------+------------------------+
111 rows in set (0.000 sec)结论
本文展示了在 MariaDB 中显示所有区域语言环境的方法。